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<p>基本流程–利用runtime获取属性(成员变量)—遍历元素利用KVC逐个赋值取值。</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="1、归档解档runtime具体实现"><a href="#1、归档解档runtime具体实现" class="headerlink" title="1、归档解档runtime具体实现"></a>1、归档解档runtime具体实现</h3><p>1.重写<code>-(void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder</code>和<code>-(id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder</code>方法。</p>
<p>2.自定义方法，然后在encodeWithCoder与initWithCoder中调用</p>
<p>虽然第一个方法省事，但不建议使用重写覆盖系统方法。</p>
<figure class="highlight objectivec"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">pragma</span> -解档</span></span><br><span class="line">- (<span class="type">void</span>)decode: (<span class="built_in">NSCoder</span> *)decoder&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    Class cla = <span class="keyword">self</span>.class;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">while</span> (cla &amp;&amp; cla != [<span class="built_in">NSObject</span> <span class="keyword">class</span>]) &#123; <span class="comment">//不归档NSObject的属性</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">int</span> outCount = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">        objc_property_t *pList = class_copyPropertyList(cla, &amp;outCount);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">for</span> (<span class="type">int</span> i = <span class="number">0</span>; i &lt; outCount; ++i) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="built_in">NSString</span> *name = [<span class="built_in">NSString</span> stringWithUTF8String:property_getName(pList[i])];</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="comment">//添加不解档的属性</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> ([<span class="keyword">self</span> respondsToSelector:<span class="keyword">@selector</span>(ignoredNames)]) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">if</span> ([[<span class="keyword">self</span> ignoredNames] containsObject:name]) <span class="keyword">continue</span>;</span><br><span class="line">            &#125;</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="type">id</span> value = [decoder decodeObjectForKey:name];<span class="comment">//进行解档取值</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> (value) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                [<span class="keyword">self</span> setValue:value forKey:name];   <span class="comment">//利用KVC对属性赋值</span></span><br><span class="line">            &#125;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">        free(pList);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//获得父类</span></span><br><span class="line">        cla = [cla superclass];</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<figure class="highlight objectivec"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">pragma</span> mark-归档</span></span><br><span class="line">- (<span class="type">void</span>)encode: (<span class="built_in">NSCoder</span> *)encoder&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    Class cla = <span class="keyword">self</span>.class;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">while</span> (cla &amp;&amp; cla != [<span class="built_in">NSObject</span> <span class="keyword">class</span>]) &#123; <span class="comment">//不归档NSObject的属性</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="type">unsigned</span> <span class="type">int</span> outCount = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">        objc_property_t *pList = class_copyPropertyList(cla, &amp;outCount);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">for</span> (<span class="type">int</span> i = <span class="number">0</span>; i &lt; outCount; ++i) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="built_in">NSString</span> *name = [<span class="built_in">NSString</span> stringWithUTF8String:property_getName(pList[i])];</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="comment">//添加不归档的属性</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> ([<span class="keyword">self</span> respondsToSelector:<span class="keyword">@selector</span>(ignoredNames)]) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">if</span> ([[<span class="keyword">self</span> ignoredNames] containsObject:name]) <span class="keyword">continue</span>;</span><br><span class="line">            &#125;</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="type">id</span> value = [<span class="keyword">self</span> valueForKeyPath:name];</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> (value) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                [encoder encodeObject:value forKey:name];</span><br><span class="line">            &#125;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">        free(pList);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//获得父类</span></span><br><span class="line">        cla = [cla superclass];</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h3 id="2-为减少模型中重复代码使用，可以直接宏定义"><a href="#2-为减少模型中重复代码使用，可以直接宏定义" class="headerlink" title="2.为减少模型中重复代码使用，可以直接宏定义"></a>2.为减少模型中重复代码使用，可以直接宏定义</h3><figure class="highlight objectivec"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> AutoCodingImplementation \</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">-(id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder&#123;\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta"><span class="keyword">if</span> (self = [super init]) &#123;\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">[self decode:aDecoder];\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&#125;\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">return self;\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&#125;\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder&#123;\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">[self encode:aCoder];\</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">&#125;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h4 id="3-使用方法"><a href="#3-使用方法" class="headerlink" title="3.使用方法"></a>3.使用方法</h4><p>比如User模型</p>
<p>第1步:遵守协议 <code>User.h</code>中<br> <code>@interface User : NSObject&lt;NSCoding&gt;</code></p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">@interface User : NSObject&lt;NSCoding&gt;</span><br><span class="line">@property (nonatomic,copy) NSString *name;</span><br><span class="line">@property (nonatomic,assign) double height;</span><br><span class="line">@end</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>第2步: 添加忽略属性 <code> User.m</code></p>
<p>第3步: 添加自动归档解档宏<code>User.m</code></p>
<figure class="highlight objectivec"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">@implementation</span> <span class="title">User</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 设置需要忽略的属性</span></span><br><span class="line">- (<span class="built_in">NSArray</span> *)ignoredNames &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> @[<span class="string">@&quot;height&quot;</span>];</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line">AutoCodingImplementation</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">@end</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<p>第4步：归档,解档</p>
<figure class="highlight objectivec"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/** 归档，解档*/</span></span><br><span class="line">-(<span class="type">void</span>)autoCodingWithModel:(User *)user</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//1.归档</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">NSData</span> *modelData = [<span class="built_in">NSKeyedArchiver</span> archivedDataWithRootObject:user];</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//2.解档</span></span><br><span class="line">    User *model = [<span class="built_in">NSKeyedUnarchiver</span> unarchiveObjectWithData:modelData];</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></div></article><div class="post-copyright"><div class="post-copyright__author"><span class="post-copyright-meta">文章作者: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="mailto:undefined">kyren</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__type"><span class="post-copyright-meta">文章链接: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="http://huluo666.gitee.io/2016/05/24/利用runtime进行自动归档解档/">http://huluo666.gitee.io/2016/05/24/利用runtime进行自动归档解档/</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__notice"><span class="post-copyright-meta">版权声明: </span><span class="post-copyright-info">本博客所有文章除特别声明外，均采用 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">CC BY-NC-SA 4.0</a> 许可协议。转载请注明来自 <a href="http://huluo666.gitee.io">Kyren's Blog</a>！</span></div></div><div class="post-meta__tag-list"><a class="post-meta__tags" href="/tags/iOS/">iOS</a></div><nav id="pagination"><div class="prev-post pull-left"><a href="/2016/05/27/iOS%20%E5%A4%9A%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B/"><i class="fa fa-chevron-left">  </i><span>iOS 多线程</span></a></div><div class="next-post pull-right"><a href="/2016/05/23/%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BAXcode%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF/"><span>创建Xcode模板</span><i class="fa fa-chevron-right"></i></a></div></nav></div></div><footer><div class="layout" id="footer"><div class="copyright">&copy;2022 By kyren</div><div class="framework-info"><span>驱动 - </span><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://hexo.io"><span>Hexo</span></a><span class="footer-separator">|</span><span>主题 - </span><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/Molunerfinn/hexo-theme-melody"><span>Melody</span></a></div><div class="footer_custom_text">hitokoto</div><div class="busuanzi"><script async src="//busuanzi.ibruce.info/busuanzi/2.3/busuanzi.pure.mini.js"></script><span id="busuanzi_container_page_pv"><i class="fa fa-file"></i><span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"></span><span></span></span></div></div></footer><i class="fa fa-arrow-up" id="go-up" aria-hidden="true"></i><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/animejs@latest/lib/anime.min.js"></script><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jquery@latest/dist/jquery.min.js"></script><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@fancyapps/fancybox@latest/dist/jquery.fancybox.min.js"></script><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/velocity-animate@latest/velocity.min.js"></script><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/velocity-ui-pack@latest/velocity.ui.min.js"></script><script src="/js/utils.js?version=1.9.0"></script><script src="/js/fancybox.js?version=1.9.0"></script><script src="/js/sidebar.js?version=1.9.0"></script><script src="/js/copy.js?version=1.9.0"></script><script src="/js/fireworks.js?version=1.9.0"></script><script src="/js/transition.js?version=1.9.0"></script><script src="/js/scroll.js?version=1.9.0"></script><script src="/js/head.js?version=1.9.0"></script><script src="/js/search/local-search.js"></script><script>if(/Android|webOS|iPhone|iPod|iPad|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent)) {
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